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n (1)影響(力)，作用(power to affect people，actions or events)[U，a～][N(on)]：exercise(exert/have/produce)a bad/good/negative/positive /slight /strong/baneful/beneficial～on sb 對(duì)某人施加(施加/有/產(chǎn)生)壞/好/消極/積極/很小/很大/惡劣/有益的影響;use/widen/lose one's～利用/擴(kuò)大/失去自己的影響(力);consolidate/strengthen one's～鞏固/加強(qiáng)自己的影響;counteract/curb/lessen/offset/neutralize sb's～抵制/抑制/削弱/抵消/抵消某人的影響;far-reaching /effective /destructive /favourable/harmful/powerful/profound/wholesome/wide-spread～深遠(yuǎn)/有效/破壞性/有利/有害/有力/深刻/健康(有益)/廣泛的影響;improving/inspiring/moderating /softening /soothing～改善/鼓舞/緩和/軟化/撫慰作用;cultural/moral/economic/political/parental～文化/道德/經(jīng)濟(jì)/政治/父母的影響;be charged with driving under the～of liquor/alcohol 被指控酒后開(kāi)車(chē);be under the～of terror/drugs 在恐懼/毒品的影響下;under the～of an idea/sb's agitation/modern life 受某種思想/某人的煽動(dòng)/現(xiàn)代生活的影響;

(2)自然力(action of natural forces)[U]：the～of climate/rain/sunshine/the moon on agricultural production/plants/people's health/the tides 氣候/雨水/陽(yáng)光/月球?qū)r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)/植物/人們的健康/潮汐的影響;

(3)有影響的人或事(person or thing that has power or causes an effect)[C] [N(on)]：～s in European art/politics 在歐洲藝術(shù)方面/政界有影響的人物;be subject to many～s 受許多因素的影響;～s for good/evil影響行善/作惡的人;His friends were a bad～on him. 他的朋友對(duì)他影響不好。 Heredity and environment are～s on characters. 遺傳和環(huán)境是影響性格的因素;

(4)權(quán)勢(shì)，勢(shì)力(ability of a person or group to produce effects indirectly by means of power based on wealth，high position，etc)[U] [N(with)]：a man of great～很有權(quán)勢(shì)的人;within sb's sphere of～在某人的勢(shì)力范圍內(nèi);They have great～with the government. 他們對(duì)政府有很大的影響力。Could you use your～with him to get me a job? 你能利用對(duì)他的影響給我找份工作嗎? They have enough～to get the bill passed. 他們有足夠的勢(shì)力使這一提案得以通過(guò)。

(5)支配(控制)力(power to control sb's behaviour)[U] [N(over)]：have some (little)～over sb/sb's affairs/what sb does 有一些(沒(méi)有什么)左右某人/某人的事/某人做什么的能力;

vt (1)影響，支配(have an effect on;have power over)[T+n]：～sb or sth deeply/profoundly/strongly 深深/深刻/強(qiáng)烈地影響某人或某物;What we read～s our thinking. 我們讀的書(shū)會(huì)影響我們的思想。The moon～s the tides. 月球會(huì)影響潮汐。 The weather seems to～her moods. 天氣好像會(huì)影響她的情緒。

(2)促使，勸說(shuō)(cause or persuade)[C+n+to-inf]：Economic factors～d the government to change the policy. 經(jīng)濟(jì)因素促使政府改變了政策。 My father～d me to accept the job. 我父親勸說(shuō)我接受那份工作。

→influ′ential adj;

【辨異】1)influence與affect¹和effect的區(qū)別見(jiàn)AFFECT。2)influence與authority的區(qū)別見(jiàn)AUTHORITY。