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(1)國(guó)(家)(nation or state，including its land)[C]：Over 130～ies are members of the United Nations. 有130多個(gè)國(guó)家是聯(lián)合國(guó)的成員國(guó)。all the～ies of the world全世界各國(guó);There will be snow in all parts of the～.全國(guó)各地都將有雪。agricultural/foreign/Asian～ies農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)/外國(guó)/亞洲國(guó)家;〖同〗nation，state，kingdom;

(2)全國(guó)(的人)，國(guó)民(all the people of a state or nation;the nation as a whole)[C，the～]：The whole～is opposed to war.全國(guó)上下反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。All the～hated the king.全體國(guó)民都憎恨國(guó)王。Half the～backed the president.半數(shù)國(guó)民支持總統(tǒng)。go to the～(英)解散議會(huì)舉行全國(guó)大選;〖同〗nation，population;

(3)故(家)鄉(xiāng)，故(鄉(xiāng))土(land of one's birth or citizenship)[C]：one's father's～祖籍之國(guó);His～was at war.他的國(guó)家在打仗。leave the～出國(guó);return home to one's～回歸故里;

(4)農(nóng)(鄉(xiāng))村，鄉(xiāng)下(area of land with fields，woods，etc outside towns and cities;rural areas)[C，the～]：live in/spend a holiday in/be from the～住在鄉(xiāng)下/在鄉(xiāng)下度假/出生于農(nóng)村;～roads/areas/districts/places/towns鄉(xiāng)間道路/地區(qū)/地區(qū)/住處/小鎮(zhèn);～girls/life/dances/clubs/gentlemen鄉(xiāng)村姑娘/生活/舞蹈/俱樂部/士紳;～cousins鄉(xiāng)巴佬;〖同〗countryside;〖反〗city，town;

(5)田(曠)野，地域(帶)(area of land with a certain stated nature or features)[U](常有形容詞修飾語)：hilly/mountain(ous)/wooded/farming/sheep/marshy/open/rough～山地/山地/林地/耕地/放牧地/沼澤地/開闊地/崎嶇不平的曠野;watch the～out of the window透過窗戶看田野;This is unknown～to me.這對(duì)我來說是陌生的地區(qū)(或話題)?！纪絣and，area，region，countryside;

(6)領(lǐng)域(area of knowledge experience，etc)[C，U](fig)：The experiment is a whole new～for me.這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)我來說是一個(gè)全新的領(lǐng)域。go into completely new～進(jìn)入完全陌生的領(lǐng)域;difficult～困難的領(lǐng)域;

(7)西部民間音樂(country-and-western music)[U](尤AmE)：～singer/music西部民間歌手/音樂;

→′countryman，′countrywoman n 鄉(xiāng)下人;同胞;?country′house n 莊園;′countryside n 農(nóng)村，鄉(xiāng)間;

【辨異】country與state和nation都可表示“國(guó)家”的意思。country是通常用語，側(cè)重指地理區(qū)劃;state(國(guó)家，州)則強(qiáng)調(diào)政權(quán)組織(也可指政府本身)，如：The state provides free education and health care.(國(guó)家提供免費(fèi)的教育和醫(yī)療。)nation(國(guó)家;民族)也指政體意義的國(guó)家，比 state語體色彩較正式，如：the United Nations(聯(lián)合國(guó))。